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### Artificial intelligences effects on design process creativity A study on used A.I. Text_to_Image in architecture Nervana Osama Hanafy#93 (*0.638232*) > • Exterior Design: Finding a building’s style and mood in relation to its surroundings and terrain. This is effective in typical situations. • Interior design: Choosing a look or atmosphere for a room’s interior. This is also effective in many situations. • Texturing: Producing tiled designs to use as the surface materials for 2D or 3D models. Midjourney presently has no other features like this. Although Stable Diffusion appears to support fewer features than DALL-E, its fundamental benefit—the ability to run it locally and provide more training data to the model to expose it to new architectural concepts—cannot be understated. This makes Stable Diffusion the most effective of the three models to be specialized on architectural designs, in addition to the high quality of its outputs. We also looked into the practical applications of these AI art systems. As Midjourney is the sole system for which a large number of user inquiries are publicly visible, we examined around 40 million queries made by Midjourney users. Since the main interface of Midjourney is the messaging software Discord, we were able to keep an eye on the public channels for questions that we deemed to be of an architectural character. We chose searches using the terms "architect", "interior", "exterior" design, or one of 38 keywords related to architecture, such as "building", "facade", or "construction". By only choosing terms from architectural glossaries that appeared in the queries alongside "architect", "interior" or "exterior" at least 10 % of the time, we were able to identify these keywords. As we saw that numerous inquiries truly refer to the style of these architects, we also added the names of 941 illustrious architects from Wikipedia to the list of keywords. By using these filters, we were able to pinpoint 2.6 million searches (6.8 %) that may have had an architectural intention, including 1 million (2.6 %) that had the words "architect", "interior", or "exterior" design in them specifically. The following steps involve removing stop words from these searches and creating a WordVec model [31] to create a model of the Journal of Building Engineering 80 (2023) 107999 ### Artificial_Intelligence_and_Architecture_Towards_a#28 (*0.621940196*) > THE REALM OF ARCHITECTURE Buildings primarily consists of ideas and not merely of brick and mortar. Furthermore, architecture is not an independent, socially isolated and fully autonomous practice (as some architects would like to see it), but is influenced by a great number of facets: economic development, technological innovations, ideology, politics, power, religion, ego and/or even necrophobia. It is not purely a matter of building, technology and drawing, but of idea exchange, concepts, meaning and communication. Through its memes, it is also a form of public (community) art, technology compendium and applied social/behavioural science. (With our designs we influence/control users’ behaviour, hence the political dimension of designing [urban] spaces.) Besides the physiological or physical ones, human needs for architectural design also include cognitive, spiritual and symbolic aspirations right from the beginning. Our designs, however, should be driven by knowledge (facts) and not merely by assumptions (beleifs). The general weakness of most design philosophies is the lack of understanding the intricate, fine and interconnected aspects of our life (i.e. what affordances the users are provided by the various patterns of the built environment). (Lang, 1987) At the same time, architects/designers informally and formally accumulate an incredible amount of knowledge/experience (as they gather information, analyze, evaluate, test, make experiments and corrections in the course of their work) about the world, including enormous repositories of imagery generated by the architecture profession through the ages. But they possess too few organizing models and most of this knowledge is not easily and systematically accessible for application and testing. (Lang, 1987) In other words, there is a wealth of design precedents (ideas, concepts, experiments, successes and failures) accumulated in various periods, cultures and climates (including prehistoric, vernacular and no-name everyday environments, too), respectively. (Rapoport, 1990) ### Artificial intelligences effects on design process creativity A study on used A.I. Text_to_Image in architecture Nervana Osama Hanafy#114 (*0.62043041*) > These tasks are based on the findings of our analysis as well as the knowledge we have obtained through carrying out numerous trials on their interfaces. As we’ve seen, we frequently iterate rather than running a single query and expecting a perfect answer. If one enters the procedure without having a clear understanding of the necessary processes, it is simple to encounter dead ends and accounts quickly run out of balances. The earliest stages of design are the best times to use text-to-image generation in architecture. An architect could swiftly create a visual representation of their design concepts from a textual description using a text-to-image generating tool. This could help the architect quickly explore a wide range of possibilities and iterate on different design approaches. Visualizing building layouts and plans is another potential application of text-to-image generation in architecture. An architect might easily create 2D or 3D visualizations of a building’s layout using a text-to-image creation tool based on a written description or set of floor plans. This might help make the building’s design more approachable for customers and builders. creation of accurate photographs of buildings or other structures for use in presentations or marketing materials, such as. - Develop interactive, immersive experiences that let consumers investigate and assess many design possibilities. - Automatically produce intricate 2D drawings. - Create renderings of unfinished buildings or structures to help clients and architects see the finished project. The production of 3D models is another potential use for text to picture generation in architectural design. The Text-to-2D Image Generation model can only be used as a source of ideas for concept designs at this time. However, current studies suggest that text-toD models will soon be feasible [1,]. Currently, creating 3D models of buildings is a time-consuming and arduous process that needs specialized tools and a high level of technical proficiency. Using text to image creation, architects could just use everyday language to describe the ideal building, and the system would create a 3D model for them. In addition to saving time and effort, this would also make it simple for architects to experiment with different design ideas. The key takeaway from this study is that "scenarios beyond the model and platform’s intended scope (e.g., floor plans) necessitate the development of a new model specifically trained on the relevant dataset" as a significant ’challenge’. As a result, there arises a necessity to delve into more detailed supplementary training in the paper, along with its potential applications. ### Political_architecture_and_relation_betw#35 (*0.619231045*) > They become adaptive and accustomed to thenewly created environment. This ultimately gives people what can be called a false sense of control. What is also undeniable is that surrounding is always changeable, and an architecture can continuously alter peoples‟ perspectives, making them question the ones who have placed them and what their motives were in the first place. 14 IJLRET Design as a political act–Politics in the form and space As previously stated, architectural form, with itsvisual and relational properties,is able to express political authority of the ruling body. Scalemay draw attention to the building„s significance by emphasizing its height, length, width and depth. Built forms presented as large or tall, vertical in height or horizontally massive compared to human proportions and its surroundings, with significant visibility and dramatic sculptural effect can symbolize the authority. There are five most often mentioned reasons for this need: - Emphasis of dominancy and control - Evocation of feelings of impressiveness in order to be remembered International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science (IJLRHSS) www.ijlrhss.com || PP. 84-90 Assertion of identity in the world Visual prestige and dignity of the patron Projection of influence in society 15 For example, in Roman Empire, the atmosphere and the buildings directly coincided and were crucial to how the public would respond to their speeches and messages. Their giant concrete statements were designed to intimidate and overwhelm, but with community gatherings in mind. The overwhelming greatness of these buildings, their colossal size and complex design, enforced the nation‟s ideologies.Furthermore, Catherine the Great„s Palace in Russia, designed by Bartolomeo Rastrelli in 1752 for the wife of Emperor Peter I, is an example which projects a play of façade elements and picturesque decoration, signifying the ruling power of the Russian monarchy. The façade elements are arranged in hierarchical organization at the roof, body and base section.Another clear, most recent sample can be Dubai - a city almost non-existent during the ‟80s. Through Dubai the strategy of the ruling body via architecture in order to entertain, gain support for the government‟s campaigns and encourage unity of a new-built city can be seen. Immense architectural achievements are created in an attempt to gain the loyalty of the masses, leaving the consumption of the energy used to create these monuments as a secondary issue. Architects and politics of today and starchitects culture ### Architecture Demonstrates Power#127 (*0.61873287*) > Part 2: What Architecture Can Tell Us About Power If architecture demonstrates power, then that power should be evident from the architecture. If the impact of power upon buildings is visible, one should be able to discern information about that power. Monumental architecture in particular conveys the nature of the power that created it. The cosmology represented in the architecture demonstrates the type of power that created it. A pattern exists wherein axial buildings and cities are created by authoritarian powers concentrated in a single ruling figure, which can be contrasted to a non-axial pattern in more egalitarian societies. Furthermore, this correspondence between building orientation and power scheme results directly from differing ideals about the nature of the world and of power. Axiality in Buildings Axiality in a building occurs when it is clearly oriented in one direction, emphasizing opposite walls that are far from one another, and provoking those who use the building to walk longitudinally within it. This means that the people who enter are directed to the opposite end of the building where something significant occurs. Archetypal examples of axial buildings include Egyptian temples, Roman basilicas, and the Christian basilicas that evolved from the Roman. David DeLong introduced me to the concept of axiality in a lecture on September 11, 2002. "The Egyptian temples are based on one straight path leading ‘in’ towards a final but unreachable goal". One enters the temple of Horus at Edfu between two massive pylons with a niche at the top corresponding exactly to the path of the sun. Walking through a series of doorways aligned along an axis parallel to the solar path, one proceeds through a courtyard into a series of halls. As one approaches the inner sanctum of the temple, a place where only priests were allowed to go, the columns in the halls take up more space, closing in and creating varying degrees of darkness. The walls around the halls start out at only half the height of the columns and later let light in only through small clerestory openings.